Interferon-induced transmembrane proteins (IFITMs) are a family of small proteins that localize in the plasma and endolysosomal membranes.IFITMs not only inhibit viral entry into host cells by interrupting the membrane fusion between viral envelope and cellular membranes, but also reduce the production of infectious virions or infectivity of progen
Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate a large outbreak of shigellosis in Papua New Guinea that began in a camp for internally Grip Handlebar displaced persons before spreading throughout the general community.Methods: Outbreak mitigation strategies were implemented in the affected area to curtail the spread of the disease.Data w
A fundamental process culminating in the mechanisms of plant-pathogen interactions is the regulation of trophic divergence into biotrophic, hemibiotrophic, and necrotrophic interactions.Plant hormones, of almost all types, play significant roles in this regulatory apparatus.In plant-pathogen interactions, two classical mechanisms underlying hormone
Cancer patients treated with radiotherapy (RT) could develop severe late side effects that affect their quality of life.Long-term bowel complications after RT are mainly characterized by a transmural fibrosis that could lead to intestinal obstruction.Today, surgical resection is the only effective treatment.However, preoperative RT increases the ri